Macroecology is a newly developed subject in recent years.We summarized the characters,research status,main problems and hotspots of macroecology in this paper.Hotspots of macroecology were focused on the model of species distribution and abundance,figure and distribution range,biodiversity latitude pattern,biological protection,theory of metabolism,and so on.Though problems such as study methods,quality of data,means of statistic,dubious research scale still exist,it possess important meanings in the necessitous regional environment problems and protection of biodiversity.And with the development of study methods and means,macroecology will play more important roles in the future.
[1] Brown J H and Maurer B A. Macroecology: the division of food and space among species on continents[J]. Science,1989, 243: 1145-1150.
[2] Blackburn T M and Gaston K J. Introduction: why macroecology? In Blackburn T M and Gaston K J(ed) Macroecology: conceptsand consequences, Oxford: Blackwell Science, 2003:1-14.
[3] Brown J H, Gillooly J F, West G B and Savage V M. The next step in macroecology: fromgeneral empirical patterns to universal ecologicallaws. In Blackburn T M and Gaston K J(ed) Macroecology: concepts and consequences, Oxford:Blackwell Science, 2003: 408-423.
[4] Arrhenius O. Species and area [J]. Journal of Ecology, 1921, 9:95-99.
[5] Willis J C. Age and area. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1922.
[6] Preston F W. The commonness and rarity of species[J]. Ecology, 1948, 29: 254-283.
[7] MacArthur R H and Wilson E O. An equilibrium theory of insular zoogeography[J]. Evolution,1963, 17:373-387.
[8] MacArthur R H and Wilson E O. The theory of island biogeography. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1967.
[9] Whittaker R H. Gradient analysis of vegetation[J]. Biological Reviews, 1967, 42:207-264.
[10] Blackburn T M and Gaston K J. Macroecology: concepts and consequences. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 2003.
[11] Nee S. Thinking big in ecology[J]. Nature, 2002, 417:229-230.
[12] Blackburn T M and Gaston K J. Macroecology is distinct from biogeography[J]. Nature, 2002,418:723.
[13] Fisher H J. Macroecology: new, or biogeography revisited[J].Nature,2002, 417:787.
[14] Marquet P A. The search for general principles in ecology[J]. Nature, 2002, 418:723.
[15] Gaston K J and Blackburn T M. Macroecology and conservation biology. In Blackburn, T.M. and Gaston, K.J., editors, Macroecology:concepts and consequences, Oxford: Blackwell Science, 2003: 345-367.
[16] Brown J H and Lomolino M V. Biogeography, second edition. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer, 1998.
[17] Blackburn T M and Gaston K J. Some methodological issues in macroecology[J]. The AmericanNaturalist,1998, 151: 68-83.
[18] Blackburn T M and Gaston K J. Scale in macroecology[J]. Global Ecology and Biogeography,2002, 11:185-189.
[19] Gaston K J and Blackburn T M. A critique for macroecology[J]. Oikos, 1999, 84:353-368.
[20] Gaston K J. Global patterns in biodiversity[J]. Nature, 2000, 405:220-227.
[21] Brown J H. Macroecology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,1995.
[22] Brown J H. Macroecology: progress and prospect[J]. Oikos, 1999, 87:3-14.
[23] Chamberlin T C. The method of multiple working hypotheses[J]. Journal of Geology, 1965, 5: 837-848.
[24] Mathias P V C, Mendon a V, Rangel T F and Diniz-Filho, J A F. Sensitivity of macroecologicalpatterns of South American parrots todifferences in data sources[J]. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2004, 13:193-198.
[25] Gaston K J and Blackburn T M. Pattern and process in macroecology. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 2000.
[26] Adriana R and Bradford A H. Mapping macroecology[J]. Globle Ecology and Biogeography, 2006, 15(5):433-437.
[27] Freckleton R P, Pagel M and Harvey P. Comparative methods for adaptive radiations. In Blackburn T M and Gaston K J(ed) Macroecology: concepts and consequences, Oxford: BlackwellScience, 2003: 391-407.
[28] Thiago F R and Jose A F. SAM: A comprehensive application for Spatial Analysis in Macroecology[J]. Ecography, 2010, 3(1):46-50.
[29] Lennon J J. Red-shifts and red herrings in geographical ecology[J]. Ecography,2000, 23:101-113.
[30] Lennon J J, Koleff P, Greenwood J J D and Gaston K J. The geographical structure of British bird distributions: diversity, spatial turnover and scale[J]. Journal of Animal Ecology, 2001, 70: 966-979.
[31] Kreft H, Jetz W, Mutke J, Kier G and Barthlott W. Global diversity of island floras from a macroecological perspective[J]. Ecology Letters, 2008, 11: 116-127.
[32] Kent M, Moyeed R A, Reid C L, Pakeman R. and Weaver R. Geostatistics, spatial rate ofchange analysis and boundary detection in plant ecology and biogeography. Progress in Physical Geography, 2005.
[33] Raedig C. and Kreft H. Influence of different species range types on the perception of macroecological patterns[J]. Systematics and Biodiversity, 2011, 9(2): 159-170.
[34] Hu X S, He F L. Hubbell S. P. Neutral theory in macroecology and population genetics[J]. Oikos, 2006, 113(3): 548-556.
[35] He F L, Gaston K J and Wu J G. On species occupancy-abundance models[J]. Ecoscience, 2002, 9:119-126.
[36] Foggo A, Frost M T and Atrill M J. Abundance-occupancy patterns in British estuarine macroinvertebrates[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2003, 265:297-302.
[37] Diniz-Filho J A F. Macroecology and the hierarchical expansion of evolutionary theory[J]. GlobalEcology and Biogeography,2004, 13:1-5.
[38] Biedermann R. Body size and area-incidence relationships: is there a general pattern[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2003, 12:381-387.
[39] Olifiers N, Vieira M V and Grelle C E V. Geographic range and body size in Neotropical marsupials[J]. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2004, 13: 439-344.
[40] Hausdorf B. Latitudinal and altitudinal body size variation among north-west European land snail species[J]. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2003, 12:389-394.
[41] Stevens G C. The latitudinal gradient in geographical range: how so many species co-exist in the tropic[J] s. The American Naturalist, 1989, 133:240-256.
[42] Rapoport E H. Areography: geographical strategies of species. New York: Pergamon Press, 1982.
[43] Gaston K J, Blackburn T M and Spicer J I. Rapoport's rule: time for an epitaph[J].Trends in Ecologyand Evolution, 1998, 13:70-74.
[44] Gaston K J and Chown S L. Why Rapoport's rule does not generalise[J]. Oikos, 1999, 84:309-312.
[45] Hawkins B A. Ecology's oldest pattern? Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2001, 16:470.
[46] Nicholas J G, Marti J A. Patterns and causes of species richness: a general simulation model for macroecology[J]. Ecology Letters, 2009, 12(9):873-886.
[47] Thiago F L, Jose A F, Luis M B. Towards an integrated computational tool for spatial analysis in macroecology and biogeography[J]. Globle Ecology and Biogeography, 2006, 15: 321-327.
[48] Nicholas J B. Macroevolution and macroecology through deep time[J]. Palaeontology, 2007, 50(1):41-55.
[49] Rodriguero M S and Gorla D E. Latitudinal gradient in species richness of the New World Triatiminae (Reduviidae)[J]. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2004, 13:75-84.
[50] H-Acevedo D and Currie D J. Does climate determine broad-scale patterns of species richness? A test of the causal link by natural experiment[J]. GlobalEcology and Biogeography, 2003, 12:461-473.
[51] Jose A F, Luis M B. Macroecology, global change and the shadow of forgotten ancestors[J]. Globle Ecology and Biogeography, 2008, 17(1):11-17.
[52] Koleff P, Lennon J J and Gaston K J. Are there latitudinal gradients in species turnover[J]. GlobalEcology and Biogeography, 2003, 12:441-447.
[53] Enquist B J. Scaling the macroecological and evolutionary implications of size and metabolism within and across plant taxa. In Blackburn T M and Gaston K J(ed), Macroecology: concepts andconsequences, Oxford: Blackwell Science, 2003: 321-341.
[54] Gillooly J F, Brown J H, West G B, Savage V M and Charnov E L. Effects of body size andtemperature on metabolic rate[J]. Science, 2001, 293: 2248-2251.
[55] Allen A P, Brown J H and Gillooly J F. Global biodiversity, biochemical kinetics and the energetic-equivalence rule[J]. Science, 2002, 297:1545-1548.
[56] Hawkins B A, Albuquerque F S, Araujo M B. A global evaluation of metabolic theory as an explanation for terrestrial species richness gradients[J]. Ecology, 2007, 88(8): 1877-1888.
[57] Ingolf K, Katrin B G, Wolfgang C. Macroecology meets global change research[J]. Globle Ecology and Biogeography, 2008, 17(1):3-4.
