Atmospheric methyl bromide(CH3Br) is considered one of the most most important ozone depletion compounds. It is believed that there are unknown sources of atmospheric CH3Br emissions even though some kinds of anthropogenic sources and natural sources have been identified. The realization of the properties of CH3Br emissions and the control methods, which is the basis both for the exploration of the history of and the prediction of the future of the content of atmospheric CH3Br,is very important on the protection of ozone layer. This issue is broadly focused recently. An comprehensive introduction of the sources,mechanisms,and control methods of atmospheric CH3Br releases are presented in the paper. Some preference study fields are also proposed.
刘振乾1,3, 骆世明1, 陈桂株2, 段舜山3, 杨军1, 陈玉芬1, 王奎堂1. 大气溴甲烷的释放与控制研究[J]. , 2002, 21(2): 170-174.
LIU Zhenqian1,3, LUO Shiming1, CHEN Guizhu2, DUAN Shunshan3, YANG Jun1, CHEN Yufen1, WANG Kuitang1. A review of studies on the emission and control of atmospheric methyl bromide. , 2002, 21(2): 170-174.
[5] Andreae M O et al. 1996. Methylhalide emission from savanna fires in southern Africa[J]. J. Geophs. Res. 101:23603～23613
[6] Attieh H M,Hanson A D,Saini H S. 1995.Purification and char acterization of a novel methyltransterase responsible for biosynthe sis of halomethanes and methanethiol in Brassica oleracea[J]. J. Biol. Chem. 270:9250～9257
[7] Butler J B.1995. Methyl bromide under scrutiny[J]. Nature. 376:469～470
[8] Butler J H,Battle M, Bender M L. et al. 1999. A record of atmospheric halocarbons during the twentieth century from polar firn air[J]. Nature. 399:749～755
[9] Elliott S, Rowland F S. Nucleophilic substitution rates and solubilities for methyl halides in seawater[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett. 20:1043～1046
[10] FAO. Production Yearbook. 1996. Food and Agriculture Organi zation of the United Nations. Rome. Italy. 1997
[11] Gamliel A, Grinstein A, Katan J. 1997. Improved technologies to reduce emission of methyl bromide from fumigated soil. Phytopar asitica. 25:Supplement, 21S～30S
[12] Gan J, Papiernik S K, Yates S R, Jury WA. Temperature and moisture effects on fumigant degradation in soil[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality. 28(5):1436～1441
[13] Gan J, Yates S R, Becker J O, Wang D. 1998. Surface amendment of fertilizer ammonium thiosulfate to reduce methyl bromide emission from soil[J]. Environmental Science and Technology. 32(16):2438～2441
[14] Gan J, Yates S R, Anderson M A, et al. 1994. Effect of soil prop erties on degradation and sorption of methyl bromide in soil[J].Chemosphere. 29(12):2685～2700
[15] Gan J,Yates S R, Papiemik S,Crowley D.1998. Application of organic amendments to reduce volatile pesticide emissions from soil[J]. Environmental Science and Technology. 32(20):3094-3098
[16] Gan J, Yates SR. 1998. Production of methyl bromede by terrestrial higher plants[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25(19):3595～3598
[17] Jeffers P M,Wolfe N L,Nzengung V.1998. Greenplants:A terrestrial sink for atmospheric CH3Br[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25:43～46
[18] Jeffers P M, Wolfe N L. 1996. On the degradation of methyl bro mide in seawater[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23:1773～1776
[19] Jin Y, Jury W A. 1995. Methyl bromide diffusion and emission through soil columns under various management techniques[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality. 24(5):1002～1009
[20] Keppler F,Eiden R,Niedan V et al.2000. Halocarbons produced by natural oxidation processes during degradation of organic matter[J]. Nature. 403:298～301
[21] Khalil M A K, Rasmussen R A, Gunawardena R.1993. Atmo spheric methyl bromide:Trends and global mass balance[J]. J. Geophs. Res. 98,2887～2896
[22] Laturnus F, Adams F C.1998.Methylhalides from Antarctic macroalgae[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25:773～776
[23] Li H J, Yokouchi Y, Akinoto H. 1999. Measurements of methyl halides in the marine atmosphere[J]. Atmos. Enbiron. 33:1881～1887
[24] Lobert J M, Yvon S A, Butler J H, et al. 1997. Undersaturations of in the Southern Ocean[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24.171～172
[25] Lobert J M, Bttler J H, Montzka S A et al. 1995. A net sink for at mospheric CH3Br in the east Pacific Ocean[J]. Science.267.1002～1005
[26] Loyley D R. 1991. Dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ) and Mn(Ⅳ) reduction[J] Microbiol. Res. 55:259～287
[27] Mano S, Andreae M O. 1994. Emission of methyl bromide from biomass burning[J]. Science.263:1255～1257
[28] Martino B.1997. Methyl bromide in agriculture[J]. Difesa delle Piante. 20(3-4):111-116
[29] McCormick M P, Veiga G S. 1992. SAGE measurement so fearly Pinatuboaerosols[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett. 19:155-1583
[30] Mellouki A,Talukdar R J,Schmoltner A M,et al.1992. Atmo spheric lifetimes and ozone depletion potentials of methyl bromide(CH3Br) and dibromomethane(CH2Br2)[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29:2685～2700
[31] Montzka S A et al. 1996. Decline in the tropospheric abundance of halogen from halocarbons:Implications for stratospheric ozone de-pletion[J]. Science. 272:1318～1322
[32] Moore R M, Groszko W, Niven S J. 1996. Ocean-atmosphere exchange of methyl chloride:Results from NW Atlantic and Pacif-ic Ocean studies[J]. J. Geophys. Res. 101,28529～28538
[33] Oremland R S, Miller L G, Strohmaier F E. 1994. Degradation of methyl bromide in anaerobic sediments[J]. Environmental Science and Technology. 28(3):514～520
[34] Penkett S A, Butler J H,Kurylo C E, et al. 1995. Methyl bromide,in Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depleton:1994. World Meteoro logical Organization Global Ozone and Monitoring Project Report.No. 37,pp. 10.6～10.26
[35] Post W M, Emanuel W R,Zinke P J et al. 1982. Soil carbon pools and world life zones[J]. Nature. 298:156～159
[36] Rhew R. C., B. R. Miller, R. F. Weiss. 2000. Natural methyl bromide and methyl chloride emissions from coastal salt marshes[J]. Nature. 403:6767,292～295
[37] Saini, H.S., Attieh, J. M. & Hanson, D. 1995. Biosynthesis of halomethanes and methanethiol by higher plants via a novelmethyl transferase reaction[J]. Plant Cell Envirom. 18,1027～1033
[38] Singh H B, Salas L J, Stiles R E. 1983. Methyl halides in and over the eastern Pacific(40ON～32OS)[J]. J. G eophys. Res. 88:3684～3690
[39] Solomon S.1990.Progress towards a quantitative understanding of Antarctic ozone depletion[J]. Nature. 347:347～354
[40] Stolarski R S, Bloomfield P,McPeters R D,etal. 1991. Total ozone trend deduced from Nimbus7 TOMS data[J]. G eophy Res Lett. 18:1015-1018
[41] Varner R K, Crill P M, Talbot R W. 1999. Wetlands:a potentially significant source of atmospheric methyl bromide and methyl chlo-ride[J]. G eophys. Res. Lett. 26(16):2433～2436
[42] Wang D, Yates S R, Gan J, Knuteson J A. 1999. Atmospheric volatlization of methyl bromide, 1, 3-dichloropropene, and propargyl bromide through two plastic films:transfer coefficient and temperature effect[J]. Atmospheric Environment. 33(3):401-407
[43] Wang D,Yates S R, Gan J.1997. Temperature effect on methyl bromide volatilization in soil fumigation[J]. Journal of Environ-mental Quality. 26(4):1072～1079
[44] WMO. 1994. Scientific assessment of ozone depletion 1994:Global ozone research and monitoring project report[M]. No.37. World Meteorological Organisation, Geneva. 379～392
[45] Yagi K, Williams J, Wang N Y, et al. 1995. Atmospheric methyl bromide(CH3Br) from agricultural soil fumigations[J]. Science. 267. 1979～1981
[46] Yuita K.[J] Overview and dynamics of iodine and bromine in the environment. JARQ. 28:90～111
[47] Yvon-Lewis,S.A.& Butler,J.H. 1997. The potential effect of o ceanic biological degradation on the lifetime of atmospheric CH3Br. Geophys[J]. Res. Lett. 24,1227～1230
