Landscape ecological planning is an important field of landscape ecological application. In this paper, the Back-Propagation Network model was first introduced to landscape ecological planning in urban fringes. The author applied elevation, elevation deviation, slope, slope deviation, relief zonation, distance to the Y.R, the number of residential area in every sample as the model's input variables, and chose PD, MPFD, SHDI, CONTAG as the model's output variables. Twenty elaborately selected samples were used to train the model. The result showed that the model had a good performance, hence it gave a new simulation way to analyze landscape ecological planning.

The plankton composition and distribution were investigated in Xinfengjiang reservoir in flood and dry seasons of 2000. It was oligotrophic with low density and richness of phytoplankton and zooplankton. 34 species of phytoplankton and 22 species of zooplankton were observed in the reservoir, but fluctuated seasonally. Phytoplankton was predominated numerically by Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta which were 31.7% and 26.8% of the total amount respectively in the flood season and then by Bacillariophyta with 63.9%. In the dry season, Keratellca cochlearis predominated numerically in the flood season and then Mesocyclops leuckarti and its copedid and nauplii in the dry season, and though the abundance of zooplankton was a little higher in flood season than in dry season, the biomass was much higher in the dry season than in the flood season.

This paper has studied the pharmacognosy of four species of Dysosma in Hubei Province. Microscopical characters of the species are obviously different. This paper gives important evidence to identify four crude drugs.

The breeding ecology of Cuora trifasciata was studied in a cultivating site. The results showed that the clutch frequency is one, the average clutch size is 3.6. The size of fertilized egg is 48.00±2.63 mm×26.42±1.66 mm. The size of unfertilized egg is 44.35±4.36 mm×25.39±2.71 mm. The weight of fertilized egg is 23.89±3.34g and the weight of unfertilized egg is 20.39±4.96g. The fertilization rate is 50.9% and the hatching rate is 83.3%. The average incubation stage was 88 d and the accumulated temperature for hatching was 59.581℃·h. The Carapace length, carapace width and weight of body are 44.83±2.41 mm,36.90±1.86 mm and 15.85±2.07 g respectively in hatchings.

Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers(CPD) and 6-4 photoproducts(6-4PP) are two major kinds of photolesion induced by UV-B radiation in plants. By using ELISA method of with specific monoclonal antibodies, UV-B induced formation of CPD and 6-4PP in tobacco leaf discs at different temperatures was investigated. CPD increased during 4 h UV-B exposure. UV-B radiation induced formation of CPD and 6-4PP even at 0℃, but low temperature resulted in less damage. Contrary to the commonly accepted view that DNA damage induced by UV-B is temperature-independent because of its photochemical nature, we have thus found that UV-B-induced formation of CPD and 6-4PPin tobacco leaf discs is temperature-dependent.

In this paper, hydride generation-atom fluorescence spectrometry method was used to analyze arsenic and mercury in water. A series of analytical conditions were studied, including lamp current, height of atomic part, gas flow, interference ions, acidic medium and acidity. The results show that the two channels HG-AFS determination of arsenic mercury has the advantages of simple, rapid, less noise and high sensitivity. The determination limits of arsenic and mercury had been proved to be 0.07 μg·L^-1 and 0.009μg·L^-1, and the linear ranges to be(0-80.0)μg·L^-1 and(0-8.00)μg·L^-1 under optimum conditions.

Nitrogen nutrients in Zhelin bay in the May 2000-May 2001 were measured. The results showed that the contents of nitrogen nutrients decreased gradually from the inner bay to the out bay, and the contents in the west of the bay were higher than that of east. Nitrate was the mainly form of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in Zhelin bay. The correlation of ammonia vs. salinity was rather poor and the data showed apparently non-conservative behavior. Nitrate was closely conservative in most case and nitrite exhibited marked biological removal at intermediate.

The eutrophication of three medium reservoirs locating in the eastern of Guangdong Province:Heshui reservoir, Hexi reservoir and Shatian reservoir, was investigated in flood season and dry season of 2000. The results showed that the three reservoirs were mesotrophic. The concentrations of total nitrogen, total phosphor and chlorophyll a in the three reservoirs were in ranges of 0.16-l.58mg·L^-1, 0.034-0.15mg·L^-1 and 0.732-6.57mg·m^-3, respectively. Microcystis sp., Melosira granulate and Cyclotella meneghiniana were the dominant species. The trophic status indices(TSIs) of Heshui reservoir and Hexi reservoir were nearly 40, higher than that of Shatian reservoir, which were around 30. The seasonal dynamics of trophic status index is different among the three reservoirs. In both Heshui reservoir and Hexi reservoir, the TSIs were higher in the flood season than in the dry season. In contrast, the TSIs of Shatian reservoir were lower in the flood season than in the dry season. The difference in the seasonal dynamics between the reservoirs indicated that watershed has varied impacts on the eutrophication of the three reservoirs.

On the research background of the central area of Shanghai city, the mosaic structure of landscape was studied by using quantitative methods of landscape ecology based RS & GIS in this paper. Firstly, by using remote sensing image, we classified the landscapes into eight kinds, which were respectively residential area, industrial area, road, other urban landscape, farmland, village & small town, building area, river & other water area. Secondly, we designed and set up a geographical information system(GIS) based on the digital data of remote sensing image, field investigation data and other data, and figured out the digital map of landscape mosaic. Thirdly, depending on the spatial analysis function of GIS, we calculated the index of diversity, dominance, fragment, isolation and fractal dimension of each landscape in different periods. Fourthly, basing on the spatial analysis function of GIS, we analyzed main factors that affect the landscape mosaic and its evolutionary process. The main conclusions of the paper were as the following:(1) The expanding model of urban landscape of Shanghai is different from other Chinese cities, which expand from center to periphery evenly, The expanding of urban landscape of Shanghai is uneven not only in space but also in time;(2) The diversity and fragment of landscape mosaic are enlarging while the dominance is reducing with time;(3) Isolations of residential area, industrial area, and other urban landscape are reducing while which of farmland, village & small town are enlarging with time. The isolations of road and river & other water area are not changing with time;(4) Fractal dimensions of landscape types from high to low are respectively road, river & other water area, farmland, residential area, village & small town, industrial area, building area, other urban landscape, The rank shows the complexity of landscape types;(5)From the point of the evolvement process of patch forms, the patch forms of residential area become more and more complex gradually, while the fractal dimension of which increase slowly. Some patch forms including industrial area, road, and other urban landscape, farmland and village & small town, which undergo from simple to complicate, then from complicate to simple, the fractal dimensions of which keep the increasing trend from 1947 to 1988, the fractal dimensions reach climax in 1988, then reduce gradually;(6) The main factors affecting landscape mosaic and its evolutionary are respectively river corridors, original base of city, traffic corridors, city development, and city plan.

A new shrimp culture system with high efficiency and functions of diseases prevention and environmental protection, which did not need water exchange, was reported. The key techniques of this system were related to oxygen supply from the pond base, degradation of pond waste water by microorganism and feed control. The principle features and advantages of this system were introduced briefly. The perspective of this system was also discussed.

The current situation of management and disposal of industrial solid waste, hazardous waste, municipal solid waste and building waste was analyzed in Guangzhou, thus the main problem that existed was revealed, and countermeasure and suggestion were put forward. According to our analysis, the annual production of industrial solid waste was increasing. Since 1999, no hazardous waste has exhausted, and the centralized disposal rate of medical waste has reached 100%. 26% of the municipal solid wastes were colleted according to the classification. The management of building waste was standardized step by step. The main problem included deficiency in long-term program, backward disposal technology, secondary pollution, low rate of resource recovery, lack of fund and so on, especially deficiency in centralized disposal organizations for hazardous waste and waste battery.

Qieyeshi reservoir, a drinking water supply reservoir, was investigated to evaluate its trophic state based on TSI index in flood and dry seasons of 2000. The physical and chemical factors such as temperature and nutrients are measured. The composition and abundance of plankton comunnity are analyzed, the results show that the reservoir was eutrophic, the TSI index was higher in the dry season that in the flood season. The pollution resulting from organic matter was very serious. Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta predominated numerically in the flood season and then Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta in the dry season, organic-resistant Euglenophyta was well represented. The abundance of zooplankton was predominated by rotifer and copepoda.The predominated species of rotifer were organic matter-resistant and eutrophic-resistant species such as Brachionus Icalyciflorus, Asplauchna priodonta and Keratella cochlearis. The nauplii and cope-podite of copepoda abundantly presented in the reservoir but the adults was scarce. The numbers of species and abundance of Cladocera was low and predominated by thermophilic and eutrophic-resistant species such as Bosmina longirostris and Moina brachiata.

Lianping County locates in the Jiulian Mountain of North Guangdong Province and in the uppper reaches of East River and North River. The county covers 40% of the rainwater collecting area in the Xingfengjiang Reservoir region, and it has quite plentiful forest resources and very high forest coverage, up to 76.8%, therefore it is an important ecological water resources protection area in Guangdong Province. In order to make the county become a national ecologic county as soon as possible, the forest in the whole county is suggested to divide into 4 functional districts for further construction. They are; 1) the northeast-west mountainous reserve network; 2) the middle upland water-resource protecting ecological forest cum timber utilizing forest area; 3) the north-south valley economic corridor landscape and water and soil conservation area; and 4) the southeast basin complex agroforestry and economic forestry area. In the meantime,3 large-typed construction projects,including the ecological forest construction project,reserve network construction project,and commercial forest base constructing project,must be concurrently carried out to realize the above goal.

The cheapness proteins, brewers dried grains and cotton seed cake as well as rapeseed cake, were used as foodstuff for Ctenopharyngodon idellus. It was compared with fish meal and bean cake. The results showed that C. idellus of feeding with fish meal and bean cake grows fast than that of feeding with cheapness proteins. The cheapness proteins can reduce the content of fat of fish liver.

The services of the Guangdong forest ecosystem bring a great direct and indirect economic value to the Guangdong Province. Based on Mr. Costanza and his colleagues' work results,using the PVM together with the VAM method, we evaluated the value of the forest ecosystem services of Guangdong Province on the basis of the data of the Guangdong Province's Forestry Investigation in 1999. The results show that in 1999 the total value of the province's forest ecosystem services is 37.4 billion RMB. The value of the economic forest is only 0.593 billion RMB which is only 1.58% of the total value of the forest ecosystem services in Guangdong Province. Among the 12 vegetation types that are under investigation, the pine, with the total value of 10.1 billion RMB, has the highest total ecosystem service value,while the mangrove values 82,270 RMB/ha·yr,contributing far more service value than any other vegetation types. Considering our limited knowledge about the ecosystem services and being aware of the flaws in the methods that we used, the result reported here should be less than the real value of the forest ecosystem of the Guangdong Province.

Monogenea is such group of parasites that are subjected to the environments and host characteristics. The present paper summarized the ecology of monogenean, mainly concerned with the host specificity, the effect of host and environment on the monogenean, inter and intra specific relationship between monogeneans and their spatial distribution in host population.

Atmospheric methyl bromide(CH₃Br) is considered one of the most most important ozone depletion compounds. It is believed that there are unknown sources of atmospheric CH₃Br emissions even though some kinds of anthropogenic sources and natural sources have been identified. The realization of the properties of CH₃Br emissions and the control methods, which is the basis both for the exploration of the history of and the prediction of the future of the content of atmospheric CH₃Br,is very important on the protection of ozone layer. This issue is broadly focused recently. An comprehensive introduction of the sources,mechanisms,and control methods of atmospheric CH₃Br releases are presented in the paper. Some preference study fields are also proposed.

Natural habitat has been increasingly fragmented due to human activity and other reasons. Metapopulation and metacommunity structure thus have become more and more important as a way for landscape ecology studies. In this paper,we summarize the recent researches on metacommunity dynamics, species abundance and distribution in community and the effects of habitat fragmentation and loss on metacommunities etc.

The twenty-first century is a century for mankind to all-sidedly understand and make full use of oceans so as to protect our new century conscientiously. Island tourism, especially as a new fashion of the century, is faced with a lot of challenges from environmental conditions. In order to make further use of ocean resources and satisfy the needs of modern human beings pursuit for cultural life of humanities and ecology, the traditional ocean development must be transformed step by step to one of modern ecological-style. Only by really solving bottle-necked problems such as of funds,ecology,structure and systems,and exploring the strategic thought of sustained development, can the transform be accomplished.

The diagnosis of soil contamination is one of the most important component parts in soil cleanup processes. However, the diagnosis using only chemical methods could not express and demonstrate the holistic characteristic of soil quality. It is thus necessary to develop ecotoxicological diagnosis methods. The particularity and importance of research on ecotoxicological diagnoses of contaminated soils was expounded,the advisement and guidelines of building up ecotoxicological diagnosis methods of contaminated soils were summarized, and current research situation in this field at home and abroad was reviewed. Future research directions were also suggested.

The eivilization has improtant significance on development of economics and controlling of growth rate of population. Urban e-cological system must satisfy people's basic living needs(convenience, comfort and especially healthy) for they constitute the main body of urban ecological system. Ecological construction must be strengthened in order to fit for the development of civilization. The key point of urban ecological construction is clean up the "four pollution"(waste gas, waste water, waste residue and noise) in the environment. The planning of city must be advanced and the ecological construction in the layout must be carried on with other urban construction and be completed in priority.