In the course of aquaculture, drugs are broadly used in aquafeed because of the notable effects.However, because of drugs' residue、accumulation、movement and transformation in environment, the mass use of the drugs has brought a series of problems to ecological environment.This paper summarizes the different kinds of drugs' application in the aquafeed at present, as well as the ecological effects caused by the use of the drugs.This paper focuses on the following several respects: drug metabolism in the body of breed animals, fate of drugs in environment, the effects of drugs on aquatic organisms, drugs resistance of bacterium and final impacts on people.It clarified that the application of drugs in aquafeed has close relationship with the ecological environment and human's health, so research of its effects has important theoretical and practical significance.
[16] Halling-Serensen B,Nielsen S N,L anzky P F,et al.1998.Occurrence,fate and effects of pharmaceutical substances on the environmental review[J].Chemosphere,36:357-393.
[17] Intorre L,Cecchini S,Bertini S,et al.2000.Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in the sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax)[J].Aquaculture,182:49-59.
[23] Lai K M,Johnson K L,Scrimshaw M D,et al.2002.Biotransformation and bioconcentration of steroid Estrogens by Chlorella vulgaris[J].Appl.Envion.Microbiol,68:859-864.
[24] Holten Lutzhoft H C,Halling-Sorensen B,Joorgensen H E.1999.Algal toxicity of antibacterial agents applied in Danish fish farming[J].Arch Envion Contam Toxicol,36:1-6.
[25] Husevag B,Lunestad B T,Johannessen P J.1991.Simultaneous occurrence of Vibriosalmonicida and antibiotic resistant bacteria in sediments at abandoned aquaculture sites[J].J.Fish.Dis,14(6):631-640.
[26] Hektoen H,Berge J A,Hormazabal V,et al.1995.Persistence of antibacterial agents in marine sediments[J].Aquaculture,133:175-184.
[29] Hirsch R,Ternes T A,Haberer K,et al.1999.Occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment[J].Sci.Total Environ,225,109-118.
[30] Herve P,Herve L B,Louis P.1993.Experimental study on the decontamination kinetics of seawater polluted by oxytetracycline contained in effluents released from a fish farm located in a saltmarsh[J].Aquaculture,112:113-123.
[31] Samuelsen O B.1989.Degradation of oxytetracycline in seawater at two different light intensities,and the persistence of oxytetracycline on the sediment from a fish farm[J].Aquaculture,83:7-16.
[32] Holten Lutzhoft H C,Halling-Sorensen B,Joorgensen H E.1999.Algal toxicity of antibacterial agents applied in Danish fish farming[J].Arch Environ Contam Toxicol,36:1-6.
[33] Halling-Sorensen B.2000.Algal Toxicity of antibacterial agents used in intensive faming[J].Chemosphere,40:731-739.
[34] Backhaus T,Scholze M,Grimme L H.2000.The single substance and mixture toxicity of quinolones to the bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri[j].Aquat Toxicol,49:49-61.
[35] Lanzky P F,Haning-Snrensen B.1997.The toxic effects of the antibiotic metronidazole on aquatic organisms[J].Chemosphere,35(11):2553-2561.
[38] Migilore L,Civitareale C,Brambilla G,et al.1997.Toxicity of several important agricultural antibiotics to Artemia[J].Water Res,31(7):1801-1806.
[39] Wollenberger L,Halling-Surensen B,Kusk K O.2000.Acute and chronic toxicity of veterinary antibiotics to Daphnia Magna[J].Chemosphere,40:723-730.
[40] Migilore L,Cozzolino S,Fiori M.2000.Phytotoxicity to and uptake of flumequine used in intensive aquaculture on the aquatic weed,Lythrum salicaria L[J].Chemosphere,40:741-750.
[41] Van Loveren H,Ross P S,Osterhaus A D M E,et al.2000.Contaminant-induced immunosuppression and mass mortalities among harbor seals[J].Toxicol.Letters,112:319-324.
[45] Miranda C D,Zemelman R.2002.Antimicrobial multiresistance in bacteria isolated from freshwater Chilean salmon farm[J].Sci.Total.Environ,293:207-218.
[46] Dijek P V,Van de Voorde H.1976.Sensitivity of environmental microorganism to antimicrobial agents[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,31:332-336.