Diversity and spatial distribution of cladoceran resting eggs in surface sediments of Liuxihe Reservoir, Guangdong
HAN Xiao-yu1, XU Lei1, CHEN Xiang1, HAN Bo-ping1,2
1. Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Guangdong 510632, China
In order to understand the population characteristics of cladoceran resting eggs in deep reservoirs in southern China,we investigated their species composition,density,and distribution in surface sediments(0-15cm) collected from Liuxihe Reservoir in Feburary 2009.Sediment cores were taken at eight sites,and the top 15 cm sediments were sampled and washed through 600,200 and 35μm meshes,respectively.These sediment core-tops were accumulated in 18 to 24 years according to annual lamination.Among the 12 types of resting egg identified,the highest species richness(10) was observed at the confluence of two influent rivers,in contrast to other sampling sites (mostly 4 or 5).Average density was 1.34×105 ind·m-3.The distribution pattern in diversity and density seems to relate to habitat diversity,with higher diversity but lower density at the transition zone than at the lacustrine zone.The three dominant species are Moina micrura,Daphnia sp.,and Scapholeberis sp.,all having a weak ability against fish predation.As Liuxihe Reservoir is located at the north bounadry of the tropic,high water temperatures enable cladocera to maintain an active popualtion solely through parthenogenesis,resulting in significantly lower species number and density than in temperate lakes.
[1] Marcus N H,Boero F.Minireview:The importance of benthic-pelagic coupling and the forgotten role of life cycles in coastal aquatic systems[J].Limnology & Oceanography,1998,43:763-768.
[2] Caceres C E.Dormancy in invertebrates[J].Invertebrate Biology,1997,116:371-383.
[3] Chesson P L.Coexistence of competitors in a stochastic environment:The storage effect[J].Lecture Notes in Biomathematics,1983,52:188-198.
[4] Brendonck L,De Meester L.Egg banks in freshwater zooplankton:evolutionary and ecological archives in the sediment[J].Hydrobiologia,2003,491:65-84.
[5] Marcus N H.Seasonal study of planktonic copepods and their benthic resting eggs in northern California coastal waters[J].Marine Biology,1995,123:459-465.
[6] Hairston N G Jr,Lampert W,Caceres C E,Holtmeier C L,Weider L J,Gaedke U,Fischer J M,Fox J A,Post D M.Rapid evolution revealed by dormant eggs[J].Nature,1999,401:446.
[7] Hairston N G Jr,Hansen A M,Schaffner W R.The effect of diapause emergence on the seasonal dynamics of a zooplankton assemblage[J].Freshwater Biology,2000,45:133-145.
[8] Vandekerkhove J,Declerck S,Brendonck L,Conde-Porcuna J M,Jeppesen E,Johansson L S,De Meester L.Uncovering hidden species:hatching diapausing eggs for the analysis of cladoceran species richness[J].Limnology & Oceanography:Methods,2005,3:399-407.
[9] 林秋奇,韩博平.水库生态系统特征研究及其在水库水质管理中的应用[J].生态学报,2001,21:1034-1040.
[10] Kimmel B L,Groeger A W.Factors controlling primary production in lakes and reservoirs:A perspective[A].Lake and reservoir management[C].Washington DC.1984.277-281.
[11] 林国恩.流溪河水库氮磷营养盐动态与收支分析[D].暨南大学硕士学位论文.2009.
[12] 林秋奇.流溪河水库后生浮游动物多样性与群落结构的时空异质性[D].暨南大学博士学位论文.2007.
[13] 望甜.捕食与竞争--流溪河水库浮游动物群落的种间关系研究[D].暨南大学博士学位论文.2010.
[14] Haney JF & Hall D J.Sugar-Coated Daphnia:A Preservation Technique for Cladocera[J].Limnology & Oceanography,1973,18:331-333.
[15] Cousyn C,De Meester L.The vertical profile of resting egg banks in natural populations of the pond-dwelling cladoceran Daphnia magna straus[J].Archive fir Hydrobiologie,1998,52:127-139.
[16] Vandekerkhove J,Declerck S,Vanhove M,Brendonck L,Jeppesen E,Conde-Porcuna J M,De Meester L.Use of ephippial morphology to assess richness of anomopods:potentials and pitfalls[J].Journal of Limnology,2004,63:75-84.
[17] Ojala AEK,Saarnisto M.Comparative varve counting and magnetic properties of the 8400-yr sequence of an annually laminated sediment in Lake Valkiajarvi,Central Finland[J].Journal of Paleolimnology,1999,22:335-348.
[18] Petterson G,Odgaard B V,Renberg I.Image analysis as a method to quantify sediment components[J].Journal of Paleolimnology,1999,22:443-455.
[19] 任明达,王乃梁.1981.现代沉积环境概论[M].北京:科学出版社.96-104.
[20] Lin Q Q,Duan S S,Hu R,Han B P.Zooplankton Distribution in Tropical Reservoirs,South China[J].International Review of Hydrobiology,2003,88:602-613.
[21] 李博,杨持,林鹏.2000.生态学[M].北京:高等教育出版社.
[22] Paterson M.The distribution of microcrustacea in the littoral rone of a freshwater lake[J].Hydrobiologia,1993,263:173-183.
[23] Mergeay J,Verschuren D,De Meester L.Daphnia species diversity in Kenya,and a key to the identification of their ephippia[J].Hydrobiologia,2005,542:261-274.
[24] Carvalho G R,Wolf H G.Resting eggs of lake-Daphnia.Ⅰ.Distribution,abundance and hatching of eggs collected from various depths in lake sediments[J].Freshwater biology,1989,22:459-470.
[25] 林秋奇,胡韧,韩博平.流溪河水库水动力学对营养盐和浮游植物分布的影响[J].生态学报,2003,11:2278-2284.
[26] 林彰文.热带典型水库沉积物磷与硅藻的空间分布[D].暨南大学博士学位论文.2006.
[27] Viroux L.Seasonal and longitudinal aspects of microcrustacean(Cladocera,Copepoda)dynamics in a lowland river[J].Journal of Plankton Research,2002,24:281-292.
[28] Viroux L.Zooplankton distribution in flowing waters and its implications for sampling:case studies in the River Meuse(Belgium)and the River Moselle(France,Luxembourg)[J].Journal of Plankton Research,1999,21:1231-1248.
