Microcystins are hepatotoxic,causing necrosis and pooling of blood in the liver of fish.In this paper,RT-PCR was used to study the effects caused by microcystins on several important cytokines of zebra fish such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-8,IL-10,interferon(IFN),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),CXC and CXCa.Sixty zebra fish were divided into experimental group and the control,thirty in each group.The experimental group was cultivated outdoor exposing to microcystins,and the control cultivated indoor with water replacement daily.The results showed that:1) after 25 days,IFN and TNF in the liver of experimental group could be detected; 2) after 35 days,IL-10 in the gill of experimental group,CXCa in the liver of experimental group,IL-1β,TNF,IL-10,CXC and IFN in the liver of both groups were observed,and the expressions of IL-1β,TNF,IL-10 in experimental fish were higher than those of the control; 3) after 45 days,IFN in the gill and liver of experimental group,CXC in the gill of experimental group,IL-10 in gill,intestines,kidney and muscle of control group,IL-10 in liver,egg,kidney and muscle of experimental group,IL-1β in liver,egg,kidney and muscle of both groups were expressed,but expressions of IL-1β in experimental group were higher than those of the controls.In conclusion,these results suggested that the inflammation occurred in liver and gill of experimental group.
[2] Dawson R M.1998.The toxicology of microcystins[J].Toxicon,16:953-962.
[3] Amorim A,Vasconcelos V.1999.Dynamics of microcystins in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis[J].Toxicon,37:1041-1052.
[4] Andersen R J,Luu H A,Chen D Z,et al.1993.Chemical and biological evidence links microcystins to salmon "netpen liver disease"[J].Toxicon,31:1315-1323.
[5] Chen T,Zhao X,Liu Y,et al.2004.Analysis of immunomodulating nitric oxide.iNOS and cytokines mRNA in mouse macrophages induced by microcystin-LR[J].Toxicol,197:67-77.
[6] Matsushima R,Yoshizawa S,Watanabe M F,et al.1990.In vitro and in vivo effects of protein phosphatase inhibitors,microcystins and nodularin,on mouse skin and fibroblasts[J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,171:867-874.
[7] Yoshizawa S,Matsushima R,Watanabe M F,et al.1990.Inhibition of protein phosphatases by microcystins and nodularin associated with hepatotoxicity[J].J Cancer Res Clin Oncol,116:609-614.
[13] Sen G C.2001.Viruses and interferons Ann[J].Rev.Mic,55:255.281.
[14] Samuel C E.2001.Antiviral action of interferons[J].Clin.Mic.Rev,14:778-809.
[15] Shi Q,Cui J,Zhang J,et al.2004.Expression modulation of multiple cytokines in vivo by cyanobacteria blooms extract from Taihu Lake.China[J].Toxicon,8:871-879.