Researches were made on the species composition characteristics of spring ephemerals in the Baishilazi Reserve;besides,the species diversity of spring ephemerals in different forest types were quantitatively studied by using species richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index,and Simpson dominance index.The results showed that there were 12 species and;
2. forms of spring ephemerals,belonging to 11 genera and 7 families.Anemone amurensis was the dominant species of the spring ephemerals synusia.The species number of the spring ephemerals in Fraxinus rhynchophylla forest was the highest,followed by Betula costata forest,Korean pine broad-leaved forest,Larix forest;the species numbers of the spring ephemerals in Quercus mongolicus forest, mixed forest,Picea jezoensis and Abies nephrolepis forest were the least.The variation trend of the diversity index generally was ordered as coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest>deciduous broad-leaved forest>coniferous forest.The variation trend of the evenness index was similar to the diversity index,but opposite to that of dominance index.The species diversity of the spring ephemerals in Korean pine broad-leaved forest was the highest;the species distribution was even;the synusia structure was fairly stable.