生产力与生物多样性关系研究进展

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (563 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

生物多样性与生态系统的功能的关系已经成为人类社会面临的一个重大科学问题.本文简要介绍了生产力与生物多样性的概念和研究背景,综述了生产力与物种多样性关系研究的最新进展与争论:1.是物种多样性还是物种特性或物种组成决定生态系统的功能,目前还没有一致的结论;2.生产力与物种多样性关系的尺度效应极其明显,深刻理解和把握生态学尺度和尺度效应有望成为解析生产力与物种多样性关系的突破口;3.不能只保护所谓的关键种,考虑到生态系统的功能很大程度上依赖于受各式各样物种影响的各种不同的过程,尽最大可能保护最大的多样性,才是谨慎而明智的;4.由于自然生态系统极大的复杂性,生产力与物种多样性关系并没有一般的模式.在对已有成果进行综合分析的基础上,对生产力与物种多样性关系研究中亟待解决的区别物种特性与物种多样性问题、尺度问题、实验设计问题进行了探讨,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	邱波
	王刚

关键词 ：多样性, 生产力, 物种, 群落, 生态系统

Abstract：

The relationship between biodiversity and productivity has emerged as a major scientific issue today. In this paper, we introduce their concepts and research background., summarize the new advance and debates in the relationship between productivity and species richness: 1.To date, it is not conclusively accepted whether species richness or species traits decides the ecosystem function ;2.The increasing evidence of the relationship between biodiversity and productivity indicates that their relationship may vary strongly with scale. Understanding ecologic scale will help us break through in the study; 3. Although species differ in importance to ecosystem processes, we do not believe that this argues for preservation of just a few species for that we can not identify which species within a group are more or less important, particularly in the long-term; 4.There are not general patterns between species richness and productivity because of the complexity of natural ecosystem. On the basis of the existing results of the studies, both the problems open to be solved and the potential trend of the study are discussed, which is of great significance to the future studies.

Key words： Diversity Productivity Species Community Ecosystem

收稿日期: 2003-06-25

X176

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(39893360-3)

引用本文:

邱波, 王刚. 生产力与生物多样性关系研究进展[J]. , 2003, 22(3): 265-270.
QIU Bo, WANG Gang. Advance in the study of the relationship between productivity and biodiversity. , 2003, 22(3): 265-270.

链接本文:

http://www.ecolsci.com/CN/Y2003/V22/I3/265

[1] 达尔文(著),周建人,叶笃庄,方宗熙(译).1995物种起源[M].第6版.北京:商务印书馆.127-128.

[2] 吕一河,傅伯杰.2001.生态学中的尺度及尺度转换方法[J].生态学报,21(12):2096-2105.

[3] 彭少麟,黄忠良.2000.生产力与生物多样性之间的相互关系研究概述[J].生态科学,19(1):1-9

[4] 张大勇.2000.理论生态学研究[M].北京:高等教育出版社.海德堡:施普林格出版社.5.

[5] Bradley J.Cardinale,Margaret A.2002.Palmer and Scott L.Collins.Species diversity enhances ecosystem functioning through interspecific facilitation[J].Nature,415:426-429.

[6] Fridley,Jason D.2002.Resource availability dominates and alters the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem productivity in experimental plant communities[J].Oecologia,132:271-277.

[7] Gary G,Mittelbach,Steiner C F,et al.2001.What is the observed relation between species richness and productivity[J].Ecology,82(9):2381-2396.

[8] Givnish T J.1994.Does diversity beget stability[J]? Nature,371:113-114.

[9] Grine J P.1997.Biodiversity and ecosystem function:the debate deepens[J].Science,277:1260-1261.

[10] Hector A,Schmid B,Beierkuhnlein C,et al.1999 Plant diversity and productivity experiments in European grassland[J].Science,286:1123-1127.

[11] Hector A,Joshi J,Lawler S,et al.2001.Conservation implications of the link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning[J].Oecologia,129:624-628.

[12] Hooper D U and Vitousek P M.1997.The effect of plant composition and diversity on ecosystem processes[J].Science,277:1302-1305.

[13] Hooper D U.1998.The role of complementarity and competition in ecosysten reponses to variation in plant diversity[J].Ecology,79:704-719.

[14] Huston M A.1997.Hidden treatments in ecological experi ments:re-evaluating the ecosystem function of biodiversity[J].Oecologia,110:449-460.

[15] Huston M A,Aarssen L W,Austin M P,et al.2000.Noconsistent effect of plant diversity on productivity[J].Science,289:1255.

[16] Jonathan M C and Mathew A L.2002.Spatial scale dictates the productivity-biodiversity relationship[J].Nature,416:427-429.

[17] Kais J.2000.Riff over biodiversity divides ecologists[J].Science,289:1282-1283.

[18] Lawton J H.2000.The theory and practice of the science of biodiversity:a personal assessment[A].In:Kato M(ed),The Biology of Biodiversity[C].Berlin:Springer,107-131.

[19] Loreau M.2000.Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning:recent theoretical advances[J].Oikos,91:3-17.

[20] Loreau M,Naeem S,Inchausti P,et al.2001.Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning:current knowledge and future challenges[J].Science,294:804-808.

[21] MacArthur R H.1955.Fluctuations of animal population and a measure of community stability[J].Ecology,36:533-536.

[22] McCann K S.2000.The diversity-stability dabate[J].Nature,405:228-233.

[23] Naeem S,Tompson L J,Lawler S P,et al.1994.Declining biodiversity can alter the performance of ecosystems[J].Nature,368:734-737.

[24] Naeem S and Li S.1997.Biodiversity enhances ecosystem reliability[J].Nature,390:507-509.

[25] Paine R T 2002.Trophic control of production in a rocky intertidal community[J].Science,296:736-739.

[26] Pfisterer A B and Schmid B.2002.Diversity-dependent production can decrease the stability of ecosystem functio ning[J].Nature,416:84-86.

[27] Schaffers A P.2002.Soil,biomass,and mangement of semi natural vegetation Part2 Factors controlling species diversity[J].Plant Ecology,158:247-268.

[28] Tilman D and Downing J A.1994.Biodiversity and stability in grassland[J].Nature,367:363-367.

[29] Tilman D.1999.Diversity and production in European grasslands[J].Science,286:1099-1100.

[30] Tilman D.1999.Diversity by default[J].Science,283:495-496.

[31] Tilman D,Reich B P,Knops J,et al.2001.Diversity and productivity in a long-term grassland experiment[J].Science,294:843-845.

[32] Tilman D,Knops J,Wedin D,et al.1997.The influence of functional diversity and composition on ecosystem processes[J].Science,277:1300-1302.

[33] Tilman D.1999.The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity:a search for general principles[J].Ecology,80:1455-1474.

[34] Tilman D,Wedin D and J Knops.1996.Productivity and sustainability influenced by biodiversity in grassland ecosystems[J].Nature,379:7 1 8-720.

[35] United Nations.1993.Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development[M].New York:United Nations Publication.

[36] Wardle D A.1998.A more reliable design for biodiversity study[J].Nature,394:30.

[37] Wardle D A,Huston M A,Grime J P,et al.2000.Biodiversity and ecosystem function:an issue in ecology[J].Bulletin of the Ecological Society,of America,81:235-239.

[38] Wardle R B,Willig M R,Steiner C F,et al.1999.The relationship between productivity and species richness[J].Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,30:257-300.