Leaf anatomical characteristics of five dominant species, Pinus elliottii, Acacia mangium, Acacia auriculaeformis, Psychotria rubra, Albizia falcata of rehabilitation vegetation in Heshan, Guangdong, China,were studied. Results showed that there are variations in the thickness of adaxial and abaxial cuticles, the thickness and shape of cell wall, the differentiation of leaf spongy tissue and palisade tissue in mesophyll, the structure of leaf bundle of the endoderm. It provided an experimental data for further study of leaf anatomical characteristics during the restoration process of vegetation.